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Merge Sort in C++

  Merge Sort in C++ Introduction Merge Sort is a popular sorting algorithm that follows the Divide and Conquer approach. It divides an array into smaller subarrays, recursively sorts those subarrays, and finally merges the sorted subarrays to produce a completely sorted array. In this tutorial, we will learn how to implement Merge Sort in C++ . The program divides the array into two halves using the mid index, recursively sorts both halves, and then combines them using the merge() function. Merge Sort has a time complexity of O(n log n) in the best, average, and worst cases. Table of Contents Algorithm C++ Program Input Sample Output Output Explanation Dry Run Flow of Execution Time Complexity Space Complexity Applications Key Points Interview Questions Frequently Asked Questions Keywords Conclusion Algorithm Start the program. Read the size of the array. Read the array elements from the user. Call the mer...

C++ Program for Hybrid Inheritance (All Types Together)

C++ Program for Hybrid Inheritance (All Types Together)

✅ C++ Program Demonstrating Hybrid Inheritance

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Multi-level inheritance
class values {
  public:
    int a, b;
    void display1() {
        cout << "Enter any two numbers:\n";
        cin >> a >> b;
    }
};
class add: public values {
  public:
    void display2() {
        cout << "Addition of " << a << " and " << b << " is " << a+b << "\n";
    }
};
class sub: public add {
  public:
    void display3() {
        cout << "Subtraction of " << a << " and " << b << " is " << a-b << "\n";
    }
};

// Multiple inheritance
class a {
  public:
    void display4() {
        cout << "Hi I am from class A:\n";
    }
};
class b {
  public:
    void display5() {
        cout << "Hi I am from class B:\n";
    }
};
class c: public a, public b {
  public:
    void display6() {
        cout << "Hi I am class C derived from A and B:\n";
    }
};

// Single inheritance
class parent1 {
  public:
    void display7() {
        cout << "Hi I am parent (Single Inheritance):\n";
    }
};
class child1: public parent1 {
  public:
    void display8() {
        cout << "Hi I am child from single inheritance:\n";
    }
};

// Hierarchical inheritance
class parent2 {
  public:
    void display9() {
        cout << "Hi I am parent2 (Hierarchical Inheritance):\n";
    }
};
class child2: public parent2 {
  public:
    void display10() {
        cout << "Hi I am child2 derived from parent2:\n";
    }
};
class child3: public parent2 {
  public:
    void display11() {
        cout << "Hi I am child3 derived from parent2:\n";
    }
};

int main() {
    // Multi-level inheritance
    sub obj;
    obj.display1();
    obj.display2();
    obj.display3();

    // Multiple inheritance
    c obj1;
    obj1.display4();
    obj1.display5();
    obj1.display6();

    // Single inheritance
    child1 obj2;
    obj2.display7();
    obj2.display8();

    // Hierarchical inheritance
    child2 obj3;
    obj3.display10();
    child3 obj4;
    obj4.display11();
}
  

๐Ÿ“˜ Explanation:

This program demonstrates Hybrid Inheritance in C++. Hybrid inheritance means a combination of different inheritance types:

  • Multi-level inheritance: class values → add → sub
  • Multiple inheritance: class c inherits from a and b
  • Single inheritance: class parent1 → child1
  • Hierarchical inheritance: class parent2 → child2 and child3

๐Ÿงพ Sample Output:

Enter any two numbers:
8 3
Addition of 8 and 3 is 11
Subtraction of 8 and 3 is 5
Hi I am from class A:
Hi I am from class B:
Hi I am class C derived from A and B:
Hi I am parent (Single Inheritance):
Hi I am child from single inheritance:
Hi I am child2 derived from parent2:
Hi I am child3 derived from parent2:
  

๐Ÿ”‘ Keywords:

C++ hybrid inheritance, multiple inheritance in C++, multi-level inheritance, hierarchical inheritance, single inheritance example, OOP in C++

๐Ÿ“Œ Hashtags:

#CPlusPlus #HybridInheritance #CppExamples #Inheritance #OOP #ProgrammingForBeginners

๐Ÿ” Search Description:

This C++ program demonstrates hybrid inheritance by combining multiple, multi-level, hierarchical, and single inheritance. Includes full code, explanation, and sample output.

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