what is if and else statement
The if-else statement in C is a flow control statement used for decision-making in the C program. It is one of the core concepts of C programming. It is an extension of the if in C that includes an else block along with the already existing if block.
if statement
The if statement is the simplest form of a conditional statement. It allows you to execute a block of code if a specified condition is true.
(In simple words we will get out put only for true condition).
else statement
The if-else statement allows you to specify two code blocks: one to execute if the condition is true, and another to execute if the condition is false.
(In simple words we will get out put both true and false conditions ).
If else if statement
The if else if statements are used when the user has to decide among multiple options. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, if-else-if ladder is similar to the switch statement.
Nested If-else Statements
nested if-else statements are implemented using an if statement inside another if statement. The syntax of nested if-else statements is straightforward,
(Examples for if and if else statements)
Example :1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()
{
double a=2,b=5,c=5;
if(a+b<=c||a+c<=b||b+c<=a)
printf("these sides don't form a valid triangle.\n");
if(a==b&&b==c)
printf("the triangle is equilateral.\n");
if((a==b&&a!=c)||(a==c&&a!=b)||(b==c&&b!=a))
printf("the triangle is isosceles.\n");
if(a!=b&&a!=c&&b!=c)
printf("the triangle is scalene.\n");
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
the triangle is isosceles.
Example 2
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
if(5<10)
{
printf("5 is less then 10.");
}
else
{
printf ("5 is grater then 10.");
}
}
OUTPUT
5 is less then 10
Example 3
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int year;
printf("enter an year :");
scanf("%d\n",&year);
if(year%4==0)
{
printf("%d year is leap year",year);
}
else{
printf("%d\n year is not leap",year);
}
}
OUTPUT
enter an year:2008
year is leap year,
Example :4
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int num1;
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d\n",num1);
if(num1&2==0)
{printf("%d\n is an even number",num1);}
else{
printf("%d\n is an odd number",num1);
}
}
OUTPUT
it depends on your given integer
IF ELSE IF EXAMPLES
Example 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int x=5, y=10;
if (x>y)
{
printf("x is greater then y");
}else if (x==y)
{
printf("x is equal to y");
}
else if (y<x)
{
printf ("y is less then x");
}
else
{
printf("y is grater then x");
}
}
OUTPUT
y is grater then x
Example 2
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int marks = 91;
if (marks <= 100 && marks >= 90)
printf("A+ Grade");
else if (marks < 90 && marks >= 80)
printf("A Grade");
else if (marks < 80 && marks >= 70)
printf("B Grade");
else if (marks < 70 && marks >= 60)
printf("C Grade");
else if (marks < 60 && marks >= 50)
printf("D Grade");
else
printf("F Failed");
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
A+ grade
Nested If-else Statements
Example 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int x=5;
if(x>1)
if(x==5){
printf("x value is 5");
}else{
printf("x value is not 5");
}
else{
printf("enter any value that should be greater then 1");
}
}
OUtPUT
x value is 5
Example 2
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main() {
int num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
if (num > 0) {
printf("%d is positive.\n", num);
} else {
if (num < 0) {
printf("%d is negative.\n", num);
} else {
printf("%d is zero.\n", num);
}
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
Enter a number:5
5 is positive.
Enter a number:-2
-2 is negative.
Example 3
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main () {
int a = 50;
int b = 100;
if( a == 50 ) {
if( b == 100 ) {
printf("Value of a is 50 and b is 100\n" );
}
}
printf("Exact value of a is : %d\n", a );
printf("Exact value of b is : %d\n", b );
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
Value of a is 50 and b is 100
Exact value of a is : 50
Exact value of b is : 100
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