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C Program to Check Prime Number Using Efficient Logic

  Introduction A prime number is a number that has exactly two distinct positive divisors: 1 and itself. In this program, we check whether a given number is prime or not using a simple and efficient logic. This type of program is commonly used in mathematics, competitive programming, and basic algorithm learning for beginners in C programming. Problem Statement The task is to write a C program that determines whether a given integer is a prime number or not. The program takes a single integer input from the user and analyzes its divisibility. If the number has no divisors other than 1 and itself, it should be identified as a prime number; otherwise, it is not prime. This problem is important in number theory and has practical relevance in areas such as cryptography, data validation, and algorithm design.  Algorithm / Logic Explanation To check whether a number is prime, we need to verify that it is not divisible by any number other than 1 and itself. The algorithm follows a si...
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C++ Abstract Class and Pure Virtual Function Example

C++ Abstract Class and Pure Virtual Function Example

✅ C++ Program: Abstract Class and Pure Virtual Functions

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Abstract class
class Animal {
public:
    // Pure virtual function
    virtual void sound() = 0;
};

// Derived class Dog
class Dog : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override {
        cout << "Dog barks 🐶\n";
    }
};

// Derived class Cat
class Cat : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override {
        cout << "Cat meows 🐱\n";
    }
};

int main() {
    // Animal a;   ❌ ERROR: object of abstract class not allowed

    Animal *ptr;   // ✅ Abstract class pointer

    Dog d;
    Cat c;

    ptr = &d;
    ptr->sound();   // Calls Dog’s version

    ptr = &c;
    ptr->sound();   // Calls Cat’s version
}

📘 Explanation:

This program demonstrates the use of abstract classes and pure virtual functions in C++. Key points:

  • Animal is an abstract class because it has a pure virtual function sound().
  • You cannot create objects of abstract classes.
  • You can create pointers of abstract class type and point them to derived objects.
  • Runtime polymorphism ensures the correct function is called based on the object assigned.

🧾 Sample Output:

Dog barks 🐶
Cat meows 🐱

🔑 Keywords:

C++ abstract class, pure virtual function, runtime polymorphism, OOPs in C++, C++ class hierarchy

📌 Hashtags:

#CPlusPlus #AbstractClass #Polymorphism #OOP #CppInterview #VirtualFunctions

🔍 Search Description:

This C++ program demonstrates abstract classes and pure virtual functions using Animal, Dog, and Cat classes. Explains runtime polymorphism with sample output.

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