C++ Program for Complex Numbers Using Operator Overloading

✅ C++ Program for Complex Number Operations Using Operator Overloading

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

class complex
{
public:
    float real, image;

    complex()
    {
        real = 0;
        image = 0;
    }

    void input()
    {
        cout << "Enter real part: ";
        cin >> real;
        cout << "Enter imaginary part: ";
        cin >> image;
    }

    complex operator+(complex &obj)
    {
        complex temp;
        temp.real = real + obj.real;
        temp.image = image + obj.image;
        return temp;
    }

    complex operator-(complex &obj)
    {
        complex temp;
        temp.real = real - obj.real;
        temp.image = image - obj.image;
        return temp;
    }

    complex operator*(complex &obj)
    {
        complex temp;
        temp.real = (real * obj.real) - (image * obj.image);
        temp.image = (real * obj.image) + (image * obj.real);
        return temp;
    }

    complex operator/(complex &obj)
    {
        complex temp;
        float denom = (obj.real * obj.real) + (obj.image * obj.image);

        temp.real = (real * obj.real + image * obj.image) / denom;
        temp.image = (image * obj.real - real * obj.image) / denom;

        return temp;
    }

    complex conjugate()
    {
        complex temp;
        temp.real = real;
        temp.image = -image;
        return temp;
    }

    float modulus()
    {
        return sqrt((real * real) + (image * image));
    }

    void display()
    {
        cout << real << " + " << image << "i" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    complex c1, c2, c3;

    cout << "Enter first complex number:\n";
    c1.input();

    cout << "\nEnter second complex number:\n";
    c2.input();

    c3 = c1 + c2;
    cout << "Addition:\n";
    c3.display();

    c3 = c1 - c2;
    cout << "Subtraction:\n";
    c3.display();

    c3 = c1 * c2;
    cout << "Multiplication:\n";
    c3.display();

    c3 = c1 / c2;
    cout << "Division:\n";
    c3.display();

    c3 = c1.conjugate();
    cout << "Conjugate:\n";
    c3.display();

    cout << "Modulus:\n";
    cout << c1.modulus() << endl;

    return 0;
}
  

📘 Explanation:

This program demonstrates operator overloading in C++ for performing arithmetic operations on complex numbers. Each operator is overloaded using mathematical formulas.

• + → Adds two complex numbers
• - → Subtracts two complex numbers
• * → Multiplies two complex numbers
• / → Divides two complex numbers
• Conjugate → Changes sign of imaginary part
• Modulus → Calculates magnitude

📐 Mathematical Formulas Used:

Let z₁ = a + bi
    z₂ = c + di

Addition       :(a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i
Subtraction    :(a+bi)−(c+di)=(a−c)+(b−d)i
Multiplication : (a+bi)(c+di)=(ac−bd)+(ad+bc)i
Division       :a+bi/c+di=(ac+bd)+(bc-ad)i/c^2+d^2
Conjugate      : a − bi
Modulus        : √(a² + b²)
  

🧾 Sample Output:

Enter real part: 4
Enter imaginary part: 5
Enter real part: 2
Enter imaginary part: 3

Addition:
6 + 8i
Subtraction:
2 + 2i
Multiplication:
-7 + 22i
Division:
1.77 + -0.15i
Conjugate:
4 + -5i
Modulus:
6.40
  

🔑 Keywords:

C++ complex number program, operator overloading, complex arithmetic, C++ OOP example, complex class in C++

📌 Hashtags:

#CPlusPlus #OperatorOverloading #ComplexNumbers #OOP #CPPBasics #Programming #1printf

🔍 Search Description:

Learn how to perform complex number operations in C++ using operator overloading. Includes formulas, explanation, sample output, and dark-themed code.