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Merge Sort in C++

  Merge Sort in C++ Introduction Merge Sort is a popular sorting algorithm that follows the Divide and Conquer approach. It divides an array into smaller subarrays, recursively sorts those subarrays, and finally merges the sorted subarrays to produce a completely sorted array. In this tutorial, we will learn how to implement Merge Sort in C++ . The program divides the array into two halves using the mid index, recursively sorts both halves, and then combines them using the merge() function. Merge Sort has a time complexity of O(n log n) in the best, average, and worst cases. Table of Contents Algorithm C++ Program Input Sample Output Output Explanation Dry Run Flow of Execution Time Complexity Space Complexity Applications Key Points Interview Questions Frequently Asked Questions Keywords Conclusion Algorithm Start the program. Read the size of the array. Read the array elements from the user. Call the mer...
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C Triangle Pattern Programs 6: Star, Number, Alphabet & Binary Patterns with Output

```

⭐ C Program to Print Star Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("* ");
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("* ");
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          *
        * *
      * * *
    * * * *
  * * * * *
    * * * *
      * * *
        * *
          *

🔢 C Program to Print Repeated Binary Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",i%2);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",i%2);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          1
        0 0
      1 1 1
    0 0 0 0
  1 1 1 1 1
    0 0 0 0
      1 1 1
        0 0
          1
```

🔢 C Program to Print Binary Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",j%2);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",j%2);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          1
        1 0
      1 0 1
    1 0 1 0
  1 0 1 0 1
    1 0 1 0
      1 0 1
        1 0
          1
```

🔤 C Program to Print Repeated Alphabet Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%c ",i+64);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%c ",i+64);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          A
        B B
      C C C
    D D D D
  E E E E E
    D D D D
      C C C
        B B
          A
```

🔤 C Program to Print Alphabet Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%c ",j+64);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%c ",j+64);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          A
        A B
      A B C
    A B C D
  A B C D E
    A B C D
      A B C
        A B
          A
```

🔢 C Program to Print Repeated Number Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",i);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",i);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          1
        2 2
      3 3 3
    4 4 4 4
  5 5 5 5 5
    4 4 4 4
      3 3 3
        2 2
          1
```

🔢 C Program to Print Number Pyramid Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num;
    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",j);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",j);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5

          1 
        1 2 
      1 2 3 
    1 2 3 4 
  1 2 3 4 5 
    1 2 3 4 
      1 2 3 
        1 2 
          1

🔢 C Program to Print Number Diamond Pattern

📄 Source Code: 
#include<stdio.h>

int main( )
{
    int num,k=0;

    printf("Enter the number:\n");
    scanf("%d",&num);

    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",k++);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for(int i=num;i>=1;i--)
    {
        for(int k=num;k>=i;k--)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
        {
            printf("%d ",k++);
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}
💻 Expected Output (Input: 5): 
Enter the number:
5
          0
        1 2
      3 4 5
    6 7 8 9
  10 11 12 13 14
    15 16 17 18
      19 20 21
        22 23
          24
```
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